/*
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package org.gbif.api.model.occurrence;

import lombok.Getter;

import lombok.Setter;

import org.gbif.api.annotation.Experimental;
import org.gbif.api.model.common.Classification;
import org.gbif.api.model.common.Identifier;
import org.gbif.api.model.common.LinneanClassification;
import org.gbif.api.model.common.LinneanClassificationKeys;
import org.gbif.api.model.common.MediaObject;
import org.gbif.api.util.ClassificationUtils;
import org.gbif.api.util.IsoDateInterval;
import org.gbif.api.vocabulary.BasisOfRecord;
import org.gbif.api.vocabulary.Continent;
import org.gbif.api.vocabulary.Country;
import org.gbif.api.vocabulary.GbifRegion;
import org.gbif.api.vocabulary.License;
import org.gbif.api.vocabulary.OccurrenceIssue;
import org.gbif.api.vocabulary.OccurrenceStatus;
import org.gbif.api.vocabulary.Rank;
import org.gbif.api.vocabulary.Sex;
import org.gbif.api.vocabulary.TaxonomicStatus;
import org.gbif.dwc.terms.DwcTerm;
import org.gbif.dwc.terms.GbifTerm;
import org.gbif.dwc.terms.Term;
import org.gbif.dwc.terms.UnknownTerm;

import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
import java.net.URI;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.EnumSet;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.Optional;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import java.util.stream.Stream;

import jakarta.annotation.Nullable;
import jakarta.validation.constraints.Max;
import jakarta.validation.constraints.Min;
import jakarta.validation.constraints.NotNull;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonAnyGetter;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnore;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonProperty;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonDeserialize;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonSerialize;

import io.swagger.v3.oas.annotations.ExternalDocumentation;
import io.swagger.v3.oas.annotations.media.Schema;
import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
import lombok.ToString;

/**
 * Represents an Occurrence as interpreted by GBIF, adding typed properties on top of the verbatim ones.
 */
@EqualsAndHashCode
@ToString
@SuppressWarnings("unused")
public class Occurrence extends VerbatimOccurrence implements LinneanClassification, LinneanClassificationKeys {

  public static final String GEO_DATUM = "WGS84";
  // keep names of ALL properties of this class in a set for jackson serialization, see #properties()
  private static final Set<String> PROPERTIES = Collections.unmodifiableSet(
    Stream.concat(
      // we need to these JSON properties manually because we have a fixed getter but no field for it
      Stream.of(DwcTerm.geodeticDatum.simpleName(), "class", DwcTerm.countryCode.simpleName(), GbifTerm.gbifRegion.simpleName(), GbifTerm.publishedByGbifRegion.simpleName()),
      Stream.concat(Arrays.stream(Occurrence.class.getDeclaredFields()),
        Arrays.stream(VerbatimOccurrence.class.getDeclaredFields()))
        .filter(field -> !Modifier.isStatic(field.getModifiers()))
        .map(Field::getName)).collect(Collectors.toSet()));

  // occurrence fields

  // OpenAPI documentation comes from the enumeration.
  private BasisOfRecord basisOfRecord;

  @Schema(
    description = "The number of individuals present at the time of the Occurrence.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/individualCount"
    )
  )
  private Integer individualCount;

  // OpenAPI documentation comes from the enumeration.
  private OccurrenceStatus occurrenceStatus;

  // OpenAPI documentation comes from the enumeration.
  private String sex;

  @Schema(
    description = "The age class or life stage of the Organism(s) at the time the Occurrence was recorded.\n\n" +
      "Values are aligned to the [GBIF LifeStage vocabulary](https://registry.gbif.org/vocabulary/LifeStage/concepts)",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/lifeStage"
    )
  )
  private String lifeStage;

  @Schema(
    description = "Statement about whether an organism or organisms have been introduced to a given place and time " +
      "through the direct or indirect activity of modern humans.\n\n" +
      "Values are aligned to the [GBIF EstablishmentMeans vocabulary](https://registry.gbif.org/vocabulary/EstablishmentMeans/concepts), " +
      "which is derived from the [Darwin Core EstablishmentMeans vocabulary](https://dwc.tdwg.org/em/).",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/establishmentMeans"
    )
  )
  private String establishmentMeans;

  @Schema(
    description = "The degree to which an Organism survives, reproduces, and expands its range at the given " +
      "place and time.\n\n" +
      "Values are aligned to the [GBIF DegreeOfEstablishment vocabulary](https://registry.gbif.org/vocabulary/DegreeOfEstablishment/concepts), " +
      "which is derived from the [Darwin Core DegreeOfEstablishment vocabulary](https://dwc.tdwg.org/doe/).",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/degreeOfEstablishment"
    )
  )
  private String degreeOfEstablishment;

  @Schema(
    description = "The process by which an Organism came to be in a given place at a given time.\n\n" +
    "Values are aligned to the [GBIF Pathway vocabulary](https://registry.gbif.org/vocabulary/Pathway/concepts), " +
    "which is derived from the [Darwin Core Pathway vocabulary](https://dwc.tdwg.org/pw/).",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/pathway"
    )
  )
  private String pathway;


  @Schema(
    description = "The map of classifications associated with this occurrence keyed by checklistKey.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/"
    )
  )
  private Map<String, Classification> classifications;

  @Schema(
    description = "A taxon key from the [GBIF backbone](https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei) for the most specific " +
      "(lowest rank) taxon for this occurrence.  This could be a synonym, see `acceptedTaxonKey`.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/"
    )
  )
  @Deprecated
  private Integer taxonKey;

  @Schema(
    description = "A taxon key from the [GBIF backbone](https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei) for the kingdom of this" +
      "occurrence.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/"
    )
  )
  @Deprecated
  private Integer kingdomKey;

  @Schema(
    description = "A taxon key from the [GBIF backbone](https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei) for the phylum of this" +
      "occurrence.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/"
    )
  )
  @Deprecated
  private Integer phylumKey;

  @Schema(
    description = "A taxon key from the [GBIF backbone](https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei) for the class of this" +
      "occurrence.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/"
    )
  )
  @Deprecated
  private Integer classKey;

  @Schema(
    description = "A taxon key from the [GBIF backbone](https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei) for the order of this" +
      "occurrence.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/"
    )
  )
  @Deprecated
  private Integer orderKey;

  @Schema(
    description = "A taxon key from the [GBIF backbone](https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei) for the family of this" +
      "occurrence.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/"
    )
  )
  @Deprecated
  private Integer familyKey;

  @Schema(
    description = "A taxon key from the [GBIF backbone](https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei) for the genus of this" +
      "occurrence.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/"
    )
  )
  @Deprecated
  private Integer genusKey;

  @Schema(
    description = "A taxon key from the [GBIF backbone](https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei) for the subgenus of this" +
      "occurrence.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/"
    )
  )
  @Deprecated
  private Integer subgenusKey;

  @Schema(
    description = "A taxon key from the [GBIF backbone](https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei) for the species of this" +
      "occurrence.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/"
    )
  )
  @Deprecated
  private Integer speciesKey;

  @Schema(
    description = "A taxon key from the [GBIF backbone](https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei) for the accepted taxon of " +
      "this occurrence.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/"
    )
  )
  @Deprecated
  private Integer acceptedTaxonKey;

  // taxonomy as name strings → LinneanClassification

  @Schema(
    description = "The scientific name (including authorship) for the taxon from the " +
      "[GBIF backbone](https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei) matched to this occurrence.  This could be a synonym, see " +
      "also `acceptedScientificName`.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/"
    )
  )
  private String scientificName;  // the interpreted name matching taxonKey

  @Schema(
    description = "The scientific name authorship for the taxon from the " +
      "[GBIF backbone](https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei) matched to this occurrence.  This could be a synonym, see " +
      "also `acceptedScientificName`.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/"
    )
  )
  private String scientificNameAuthorship;

  @Schema(
    description = "The accepted scientific name (including authorship) for the taxon from the " +
      "[GBIF backbone](https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei) matched to this occurrence.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/"
    )
  )
  private String acceptedScientificName;

  @Schema(
    description = "The kingdom name (excluding authorship) for the kingdom from the " +
      "[GBIF backbone](https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei) matched to this occurrence.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/"
    )
  )
  private String kingdom;

  @Schema(
    description = "The phylum name (excluding authorship) for the phylum from the " +
      "[GBIF backbone](https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei) matched to this occurrence.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/"
    )
  )
  private String phylum;

  @Schema(
    description = "The class name (excluding authorship) for the class from the " +
      "[GBIF backbone](https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei) matched to this occurrence.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/"
    )
  )
  @JsonProperty("class")
  private String clazz;

  @Schema(
    description = "The order name (excluding authorship) for the order from the " +
      "[GBIF backbone](https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei) matched to this occurrence.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/"
    )
  )
  private String order;

  @Schema(
    description = "The family name (excluding authorship) for the family from the " +
      "[GBIF backbone](https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei) matched to this occurrence.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/"
    )
  )
  private String family;

  @Schema(
    description = "The genus name (excluding authorship) for the genus from the " +
      "[GBIF backbone](https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei) matched to this occurrence.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/"
    )
  )
  private String genus;

  @Schema(
    description = "The subgenus name (excluding authorship) for the subgenus from the " +
      "[GBIF backbone](https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei) matched to this occurrence.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/"
    )
  )
  private String subgenus;

  @Schema(
    description = "The species name (excluding authorship) for the species from the " +
      "[GBIF backbone](https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei) matched to this occurrence.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/"
    )
  )
  private String species;

  // atomised scientific name

  @Schema(
    description = "The genus name part of the species name from the " +
      "[GBIF backbone](https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei) matched to this occurrence.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/genericName"
    )
  )
  private String genericName;

  @Schema(
    description = "The specific name part of the species name from the " +
      "[GBIF backbone](https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei) matched to this occurrence.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/specificEpithet"
    )
  )
  private String specificEpithet;

  @Schema(
    description = "The infraspecific name part of the species name from the " +
      "[GBIF backbone](https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei) matched to this occurrence.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/infraspecificEpithet"
    )
  )
  private String infraspecificEpithet;

  @Schema(
    description = "The taxonomic rank of the most specific name in the scientificName.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/taxonRank"
    )
  )
  private Rank taxonRank;

  @Schema(
    description = "The status of the use of the scientificName as a label for a taxon.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/taxonomicStatus"
    )
  )
  private TaxonomicStatus taxonomicStatus;

  @Schema(
    description = "The IUCN Red List Category of the taxon of this occurrence.\n\n" +
      "See the [GBIF vocabulary](https://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/iucn/threat_status/) for the values and their " +
      "definitions, and the [IUCN Red List of Threatened Species dataset in GBIF](https://doi.org/10.15468/0qnb58) " +
      "for the version of the Red List GBIF's interpretation procedures are using.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "GBIF vocabulary",
      url = "https://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/iucn/threat_status/"
    )
  )
  private String iucnRedListCategory;

  // identification

  @Schema(
    description = "The date on which the subject was determined as representing the Taxon.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/dateIdentified"
    )
  )
  private Date dateIdentified;

  // location

  @Schema(
    description = "The geographic latitude (in decimal degrees, using the WGS84 datum) of the geographic centre " +
      "of the location of the occurrence.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/decimalLatitude"
    )
  )
  private Double decimalLatitude;

  @Schema(
    description = "The geographic longitude (in decimal degrees, using the WGS84 datum) of the geographic centre " +
      "of the location of the occurrence.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/decimalLongitude"
    )
  )
  private Double decimalLongitude;

  //coordinatePrecision and coordinateUncertaintyInMeters should be BigDecimal see POR-2795

  @Schema(
    description = "A decimal representation of the precision of the coordinates given in the decimalLatitude and decimalLongitude.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/coordinatePrecision"
    )
  )
  private Double coordinatePrecision;

  @Schema(
    description = "The horizontal distance (in metres) from the given decimalLatitude and decimalLongitude " +
      "describing the smallest circle containing the whole of the Location.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/coordinateUncertaintyInMeters"
    )
  )
  private Double coordinateUncertaintyInMeters;

  @Schema(
    description = "**Deprecated.**  This value is always null.  It is an obsolete Darwin Core term.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/"
    )
  )
  @Deprecated //see getter
  private Double coordinateAccuracy;

  @Schema(
    description = "Elevation (altitude) in metres above sea level.  This is not a current Darwin Core term."
  )
  private Double elevation;

  @Schema(
    description = "The value of the potential error associated with the elevation.  This is not a current Darwin Core term."
  )
  private Double elevationAccuracy;

  @Schema(
    description = "Depth in metres below sea level.  This is not a current Darwin Core term."
  )
  private Double depth;

  @Schema(
    description = "The value of the potential error associated with the depth.  This is not a current Darwin Core term."
  )
  private Double depthAccuracy;

  // OpenAPI documentation from enumeration
  private Continent continent;

  @JsonSerialize(using = Country.IsoSerializer.class)
  @JsonDeserialize(using = Country.IsoDeserializer.class)
  private Country country;

  @Schema(
    description = "The name of the next-smaller administrative region than country (state, province, canton, " +
      "department, region, etc.) in which the occurrence occurs.\n\n" +
      "This value is unaltered by GBIF's processing; see also the GADM fields.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/stateProvince"
    )
  )
  private String stateProvince;

  @Schema(
    description = "The administrative divisions according to the [GADM database](https://gadm.org/).\n\n" +
      "This value is applied by GBIF's processing without consideration of the `stateProvince`, `county` or `locality` fields."
  )
  private Gadm gadm = new Gadm();

  @Schema(
    description = "The name of the water body in which the Location occurs.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/waterBody"
    )
  )
  private String waterBody;

  @Schema(
    description = "The distance in metres of the occurrence from a centroid known to be applied to occurrences " +
      "during georeferencing.  This can potentially indicate low-precision georeferencing, check the values of " +
      "`coordinateUncertaintyInMeters` and `georeferenceRemarks`."
  )
  private Double distanceFromCentroidInMeters;

  @Schema(
    description = "A list (concatenated and separated) of geographic names less specific than the information captured in the dwc:locality term.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/higherGeography"
    )
  )
  private String higherGeography;

  @Schema(
    description = "A list (concatenated and separated) of names of people, groups, or organizations who determined the georeference (spatial representation) for the dcterms:Location.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/georeferencedBy"
    )
  )
  private String georeferencedBy;

  // recording event

  @Schema(
    description = "The four-digit year in which the event occurred, according to the Common Era calendar.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/year"
    )
  )
  private Integer year;

  @Schema(
    description = "The integer month in which the Event occurred.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/month"
    )
  )
  private Integer month;

  @Schema(
    description = "The integer day of the month on which the Event occurred.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/day"
    )
  )
  private Integer day;

  @Schema(
    description = "The date-time during which an Event occurred. For occurrences, this is the date-time when the " +
      "event was recorded. Not suitable for a time in a geological context.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/eventDate"
    )
  )
  private IsoDateInterval eventDate;

  @Schema(
    description = "The latest integer day of the year on which the Event occurred (1 for 1 January, 365 for " +
      "31 December, except in a leap year, in which case it is 366).",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/endDayOfYear"
    )
  )
  private Integer startDayOfYear;

  @Schema(
    description = "The earliest integer day of the year on which the Event occurred (1 for 1 January, 365 for " +
      "31 December, except in a leap year, in which case it is 366).",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/startDayOfYear"
    )
  )
  private Integer endDayOfYear;

  @Schema(
    description = "A list (concatenated and separated) of nomenclatural types (type status, typified scientific name, " +
      "publication) applied to the occurrence.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/typeStatus"
    )
  )
  private String typeStatus;

  // extracted from type status, but we should propose a new dwc term for this!
  // for example: "Paratype of Taeniopteryx metequi Ricker & Ross" is status=Paratype, typifiedName=Taeniopteryx metequi Ricker & Ross
  @Schema(
    description = "The scientific name that is based on the type specimen.\n\n" +
      "This is not yet a Darwin Core term, see the [proposal to add it](https://github.com/tdwg/dwc/issues/28)."
  )
  private String typifiedName; // missing from DwC

  @Schema(
    description = "A specific interpretation issue found during processing and interpretation of the record.\n\n" +
      "See the https://links.gbif.org/occurrence-issues[list of occurrence issues] and the " +
      "https://gbif.github.io/gbif-api/apidocs/org/gbif/api/vocabulary/OccurrenceIssue.html[OccurrenceIssue enumeration] " +
      "for possible values and definitions."
  )
  private Set<OccurrenceIssue> issues = EnumSet.noneOf(OccurrenceIssue.class);

  // record level

  @Schema(
    description = "The most recent date-time on which the occurrence was changed, according to the publisher.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Dublin Core definition",
      url = "https://purl.org/dc/terms/modified"
    )
  )
  private Date modified;  // interpreted dc:modified, i.e. date changed in source

  @Schema(
    description = "The time this occurrence was last processed by GBIF's interpretation system “Pipelines”.\n\n" +
      "This is the time the record was last changed in GBIF, **not** the time the record was last changed by the " +
      "publisher.  Data is also reprocessed when we changed the taxonomic backbone, geographic data sources or " +
      "other interpretation procedures.\n\n" +
      "An earlier interpretation system distinguished between “parsing” and “interpretation”, but in the current " +
      "system there is only one process — the two dates will always be the same."
  )
  private Date lastInterpreted;

  @Schema(
    description = "A related resource that is referenced, cited, or otherwise pointed to by the described resource.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Dublin Core definition",
      url = "https://purl.org/dc/terms/references"
    )
  )
  private URI references;

  @Schema(
    description = "A legal document giving official permission to do something with the occurrence.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Dublin Core definition",
      url = "https://purl.org/dc/terms/license"
    )
  )
  private License license;

  @Schema(
    description = "A number or enumeration value for the quantity of organisms.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/organismQuantity"
    )
  )
  private Double organismQuantity;

  @Schema(
    description = "The type of quantification system used for the quantity of organisms.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/organismQuantityType"
    )
  )
  private String organismQuantityType;

  @Schema(
    description = "The unit of measurement of the size (time duration, length, area, or volume) of a sample in a sampling event.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/sampleSizeUnit"
    )
  )
  private String sampleSizeUnit;

  @Schema(
    description = "A numeric value for a measurement of the size (time duration, length, area, or volume) of a sample in a sampling event.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/sampleSizeValue"
    )
  )
  private Double sampleSizeValue;

  @Schema(
    description = "The relative measurement of the quantity of the organism (i.e. without absolute units)."
  )
  private Double relativeOrganismQuantity;

  @Schema(
    description = "Flag occurrence when associatedSequences/extension exists"
  )
  private boolean isSequenced;

  @Schema(
      description = "A list (concatenated and separated) of identifiers (publication, global unique identifier, URI) "
        + "of genetic sequence information associated with the material entity.",
      externalDocs =
          @ExternalDocumentation(
              description = "Darwin Core definition",
              url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/associatedSequences"))
  private String associatedSequences;

  // interpreted extension data

  @Schema(
    description = "Alternative identifiers for the occurrence.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "GBIF Alternative Identifiers extension",
      url = "https://rs.gbif.org/terms/1.0/Identifier"
    )
  )
  private List<Identifier> identifiers = new ArrayList<>();

  @Schema(
    description = "Multimedia related to te occurrence.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "GBIF Multimedia extension",
      url = "https://rs.gbif.org/terms/1.0/Multimedia"
    )
  )
  private List<MediaObject> media = new ArrayList<>();

  @Schema(
    description = "Measurements or facts about the the occurrence.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/MeasurementOrFact"
    )
  )
  private List<MeasurementOrFact> facts = new ArrayList<>();

  @Schema(
    description = "Relationships between occurrences.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/ResourceRelationship"
    )
  )
  private List<OccurrenceRelation> relations = new ArrayList<>();

  @Schema(
    description = "A list of the globally unique identifiers for the person, people, groups, or organizations " +
      "responsible for recording the original Occurrence.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/recordedByID"
    )
  )
  @JsonProperty("recordedByIDs")
  private List<AgentIdentifier> recordedByIds = new ArrayList<>();

  @Schema(
    description = "A list of the globally unique identifiers for the person, people, groups, or organizations " +
      "responsible for assigning the Taxon to the occurrence.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/identifiedByID"
    )
  )
  @JsonProperty("identifiedByIDs")
  private List<AgentIdentifier> identifiedByIds = new ArrayList<>();

  @Schema(
    description = "**Experimental.**  The UUID of the institution holding the specimen occurrence, from GRSciColl."
  )
  @Experimental
  private String institutionKey;

  @Schema(
    description = "**Experimental.**  The UUID of the collection containing the specimen occurrence, from GRSciColl."
  )
  @Experimental
  private String collectionKey;

  @Schema(
    description = "**Experimental.**  Whether the occurrence belongs to a machine-calculated cluster of probable " +
      "duplicate occurrences.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "GBIF Data Blog",
      url = "https://data-blog.gbif.org/post/clustering-occurrences/"
    )
  )
  @Experimental
  private boolean isInCluster;

  @Schema(
    description = "An identifier for the set of data. May be a global unique identifier or an identifier specific to " +
      "a collection or institution.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/datasetID"
    )
  )
  private String datasetID;

  @Schema(
    description = "The name identifying the data set from which the record was derived.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/"
    )
  )
  private String datasetName;

  @Schema(
    description = "A list (concatenated and separated) of previous or alternate fully qualified catalogue numbers " +
      "or other human-used identifiers for the same occurrence, whether in the current or any other data set or collection.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/otherCatalogNumbers"
    )
  )
  private String otherCatalogNumbers;

  @Schema(
    description = "The full name of the earliest possible geochronologic eon or lowest chrono-stratigraphic eonothem or the informal name (\"Precambrian\") attributable to the stratigraphic horizon from which the dwc:MaterialEntity was collected.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/earliestEonOrLowestEonothem"
    )
  )
  private String earliestEonOrLowestEonothem;

  @Schema(
    description = "The full name of the latest possible geochronologic eon or highest chrono-stratigraphic eonothem or the informal name (\"Precambrian\") attributable to the stratigraphic horizon from which the dwc:MaterialEntity was collected.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/latestEonOrHighestEonothem"
    )
  )
  private String latestEonOrHighestEonothem;

  @Schema(
    description = "The full name of the earliest possible geochronologic era or lowest chronostratigraphic erathem attributable to the stratigraphic horizon from which the dwc:MaterialEntity was collected.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/earliestEraOrLowestErathem"
    )
  )
  private String earliestEraOrLowestErathem;

  @Schema(
    description = "The full name of the latest possible geochronologic era or highest chronostratigraphic erathem attributable to the stratigraphic horizon from which the dwc:MaterialEntity was collected.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/latestEraOrHighestErathem"
    )
  )
  private String latestEraOrHighestErathem;

  @Schema(
    description = "The full name of the earliest possible geochronologic period or lowest chronostratigraphic system attributable to the stratigraphic horizon from which the dwc:MaterialEntity was collected.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/earliestPeriodOrLowestSystem"
    )
  )
  private String earliestPeriodOrLowestSystem;

  @Schema(
    description = "The full name of the latest possible geochronologic period or highest chronostratigraphic system attributable to the stratigraphic horizon from which the dwc:MaterialEntity was collected.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/latestPeriodOrHighestSystem"
    )
  )
  private String latestPeriodOrHighestSystem;

  @Schema(
    description = "The full name of the earliest possible geochronologic epoch or lowest chronostratigraphic series attributable to the stratigraphic horizon from which the dwc:MaterialEntity was collected.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/earliestEpochOrLowestSeries"
    )
  )
  private String earliestEpochOrLowestSeries;

  @Schema(
    description = "The full name of the latest possible geochronologic epoch or highest chronostratigraphic series attributable to the stratigraphic horizon from which the dwc:MaterialEntity was collected.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/latestEpochOrHighestSeries"
    )
  )
  private String latestEpochOrHighestSeries;

  @Schema(
    description = "The full name of the earliest possible geochronologic age or lowest chronostratigraphic stage attributable to the stratigraphic horizon from which the dwc:MaterialEntity was collected.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/earliestAgeOrLowestStage"
    )
  )
  private String earliestAgeOrLowestStage;

  @Schema(
    description = "The full name of the latest possible geochronologic age or highest chronostratigraphic stage attributable to the stratigraphic horizon from which the dwc:MaterialEntity was collected.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/latestAgeOrHighestStage"
    )
  )
  private String latestAgeOrHighestStage;

  @Schema(
    description = "The full name of the lowest possible geological biostratigraphic zone of the stratigraphic horizon from which the dwc:MaterialEntity was collected.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/lowestBiostratigraphicZone"
    )
  )
  private String lowestBiostratigraphicZone;

  @Schema(
    description = "The full name of the highest possible geological biostratigraphic zone of the stratigraphic horizon from which the dwc:MaterialEntity was collected.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/highestBiostratigraphicZone"
    )
  )
  private String highestBiostratigraphicZone;

  @Schema(
    description = "The full name of the lithostratigraphic group from which the dwc:MaterialEntity was collected.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/group"
    )
  )
  private String group;

  @Schema(
    description = "The full name of the lithostratigraphic formation from which the dwc:MaterialEntity was collected.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/formation"
    )
  )
  private String formation;

  @Schema(
    description = "The full name of the lithostratigraphic member from which the dwc:MaterialEntity was collected.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/member"
    )
  )
  private String member;

  @Schema(
    description = "The full name of the lithostratigraphic bed from which the dwc:MaterialEntity was collected.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/bed"
    )
  )
  private String bed;


  @Schema(
    description = "A person, group, or organization responsible for recording the original occurrence.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/recordedBy"
    )
  )
  private String recordedBy;

  @Schema(
    description = "A list (concatenated and separated) of names of people, groups, or organizations who assigned the " +
      "Taxon to the occurrence.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/identifiedBy"
    )
  )
  private String identifiedBy;

  @Schema(
    description = "A preparation or preservation method for a specimen.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/preparations"
    )
  )
  private String preparations;

  @Schema(
    description = "The methods or protocols used during an Event, denoted by an IRI.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/samplingProtocol"
    )
  )
  private String samplingProtocol;

  @Schema(
    description = "**Deprecated: use the nucleotideSequence instead.**  The DNA sequence ID of an occurrence."
  )
  @Deprecated
  private List<String> dnaSequenceID = new ArrayList<>();

  @Schema(description = "Nucleotide Sequence objects of an occurrence.")
  @Getter
  @Setter
  private List<NucleotideSequence> nucleotideSequence = new ArrayList<>();

  public Occurrence() {

  }

  /**
   * Create occurrence instance from existing verbatim one, copying over all data.
   */
  public Occurrence(@Nullable VerbatimOccurrence verbatim) {
    if (verbatim != null) {
      setKey(verbatim.getKey());
      setDatasetKey(verbatim.getDatasetKey());
      setPublishingOrgKey(verbatim.getPublishingOrgKey());
      setPublishingCountry(verbatim.getPublishingCountry());
      setProtocol(verbatim.getProtocol());
      setCrawlId(verbatim.getCrawlId());
      if (verbatim.getLastCrawled() != null) {
        setLastCrawled(new Date(verbatim.getLastCrawled().getTime()));
      }
      if (verbatim.getVerbatimFields() != null) {
        getVerbatimFields().putAll(verbatim.getVerbatimFields());
      }
      if (verbatim.getLastParsed() != null) {
        setLastParsed(verbatim.getLastParsed());
      }
      setExtensions(verbatim.getExtensions());
    }
  }

  @Nullable
  public BasisOfRecord getBasisOfRecord() {
    return basisOfRecord;
  }

  public void setBasisOfRecord(BasisOfRecord basisOfRecord) {
    this.basisOfRecord = basisOfRecord;
  }

  @Nullable
  public Integer getIndividualCount() {
    return individualCount;
  }

  public void setIndividualCount(Integer individualCount) {
    this.individualCount = individualCount;
  }

  @Nullable
  public OccurrenceStatus getOccurrenceStatus() {
    return occurrenceStatus;
  }

  public void setOccurrenceStatus(OccurrenceStatus occurrenceStatus) {
    this.occurrenceStatus = occurrenceStatus;
  }

  @Nullable
  public String getSex() {
    return sex;
  }

  public void setSex(String sex) {
    this.sex = sex;
  }

  @Nullable
  public String getLifeStage() {
    return lifeStage;
  }

  public void setLifeStage(String lifeStage) {
    this.lifeStage = lifeStage;
  }

  @Nullable
  public String getEstablishmentMeans() {
    return establishmentMeans;
  }

  public void setEstablishmentMeans(String establishmentMeans) {
    this.establishmentMeans = establishmentMeans;
  }

  /**
   * The best matching, accepted GBIF backbone name usage representing this occurrence.
   * In case the verbatim scientific name and its classification can only be matched to a higher rank this will
   * represent the lowest matching rank. In the worst case this could just be for example Animalia.
   */
  @Nullable
  public Integer getTaxonKey() {
    return taxonKey;
  }

  public void setTaxonKey(Integer taxonKey) {
    this.taxonKey = taxonKey;
  }

  @Nullable
  @Override
  public Integer getKingdomKey() {
    return kingdomKey;
  }

  @Override
  public void setKingdomKey(@Nullable Integer kingdomKey) {
    this.kingdomKey = kingdomKey;
  }

  @Nullable
  @Override
  public Integer getPhylumKey() {
    return phylumKey;
  }

  @Override
  public void setPhylumKey(@Nullable Integer phylumKey) {
    this.phylumKey = phylumKey;
  }

  @Nullable
  @Override
  public Integer getClassKey() {
    return classKey;
  }

  @Override
  public void setClassKey(@Nullable Integer classKey) {
    this.classKey = classKey;
  }

  @Nullable
  @Override
  public Integer getOrderKey() {
    return orderKey;
  }

  @Override
  public void setOrderKey(@Nullable Integer orderKey) {
    this.orderKey = orderKey;
  }

  @Nullable
  @Override
  public Integer getFamilyKey() {
    return familyKey;
  }

  @Override
  public void setFamilyKey(@Nullable Integer familyKey) {
    this.familyKey = familyKey;
  }

  @Nullable
  @Override
  public Integer getGenusKey() {
    return genusKey;
  }

  @Override
  public void setGenusKey(@Nullable Integer genusKey) {
    this.genusKey = genusKey;
  }

  @Nullable
  @Override
  public Integer getSubgenusKey() {
    return subgenusKey;
  }

  @Override
  public void setSubgenusKey(@Nullable Integer subgenusKey) {
    this.subgenusKey = subgenusKey;
  }

  @Nullable
  @Override
  public Integer getHigherRankKey(Rank rank) {
    return ClassificationUtils.getHigherRankKey(this, rank);
  }

  /**
   * An ordered map with entries for all higher Linnean ranks excluding the taxonKey itself.
   * The map starts with the highest rank, e.g. the kingdom and maps the name usage key to its canonical name.
   *
   * @return map of higher ranks
   */
  @NotNull
  @JsonIgnore
  public Map<Integer, String> getHigherClassificationMap() {
    return taxonKey == null ? ClassificationUtils.getHigherClassificationMap(this)
      : ClassificationUtils.getHigherClassificationMap(this, taxonKey, null, null);
  }

  /**
   * The accepted species for this occurrence. In case the taxonKey is of a higher rank than species (e.g. genus)
   * speciesKey is null. In case taxonKey represents an infraspecific taxon the speciesKey points to the species
   * the infraspecies is classified as. In case of taxonKey being a species the speciesKey is the same.
   */
  @Nullable
  @Override
  public Integer getSpeciesKey() {
    return speciesKey;
  }

  @Override
  public void setSpeciesKey(@Nullable Integer speciesKey) {
    this.speciesKey = speciesKey;
  }

  /**
   * The accepted taxon key from the GBIF backbone.
   */
  @Nullable
  public Integer getAcceptedTaxonKey() {
    return acceptedTaxonKey;
  }

  public void setAcceptedTaxonKey(Integer acceptedTaxonKey) {
    this.acceptedTaxonKey = acceptedTaxonKey;
  }

  @Nullable
  public String getSpecificEpithet() {
    return specificEpithet;
  }

  public void setSpecificEpithet(String specificEpithet) {
    this.specificEpithet = specificEpithet;
  }

  @Nullable
  public String getInfraspecificEpithet() {
    return infraspecificEpithet;
  }

  public void setInfraspecificEpithet(String infraspecificEpithet) {
    this.infraspecificEpithet = infraspecificEpithet;
  }

  @Nullable
  public Rank getTaxonRank() {
    return taxonRank;
  }

  public void setTaxonRank(Rank taxonRank) {
    this.taxonRank = taxonRank;
  }

  /**
   * The status of the use of the scientificName as a label for a taxon.
   * The GBIF recommended controlled value vocabulary can be found at <a href="http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/taxonomic_status.xml">http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/taxonomic_status.xm</a>.
   */
  @Nullable
  public TaxonomicStatus getTaxonomicStatus() {
    return taxonomicStatus;
  }

  public void setTaxonomicStatus(TaxonomicStatus taxonomicStatus) {
    this.taxonomicStatus = taxonomicStatus;
  }

  /**
   * The IUCN Red List Category.
   */
  @Nullable
  public String getIucnRedListCategory() {
    return iucnRedListCategory;
  }

  public void setIucnRedListCategory(String iucnRedListCategory) {
    this.iucnRedListCategory = iucnRedListCategory;
  }

  /**
   * The scientific name for taxonKey from the GBIF backbone.
   */
  @Nullable
  public String getScientificName() {
    return scientificName;
  }

  public void setScientificName(@Nullable String scientificName) {
    this.scientificName = scientificName;
  }

  /**
   * The scientific name authorship for taxonKey from the GBIF backbone.
   */
  @Nullable
  public String getScientificNameAuthorship() {
    return scientificNameAuthorship;
  }

  public void setScientificNameAuthorship(String scientificNameAuthorship) {
    this.scientificNameAuthorship = scientificNameAuthorship;
  }

  /**
   * The verbatim scientific name as provided by the source.
   */
  @Nullable
  @JsonProperty(access = JsonProperty.Access.WRITE_ONLY)
  public String getVerbatimScientificName() {
    return getVerbatimField(DwcTerm.scientificName);
  }

  public void setVerbatimScientificName(String scientificName) {
    //DO NOTHING
  }

  /**
   * The accepted scientific name for the acceptedTaxonKey from the GBIF backbone.
   */
  @Nullable
  public String getAcceptedScientificName() {
    return acceptedScientificName;
  }

  public void setAcceptedScientificName(String acceptedScientificName) {
    this.acceptedScientificName = acceptedScientificName;
  }

  @Nullable
  @Override
  public String getKingdom() {
    return kingdom;
  }

  @Override
  public void setKingdom(@Nullable String kingdom) {
    this.kingdom = kingdom;
  }

  @Nullable
  @Override
  public String getPhylum() {
    return phylum;
  }

  @Override
  public void setPhylum(@Nullable String phylum) {
    this.phylum = phylum;
  }

  @Nullable
  @Override
  public String getClazz() {
    return clazz;
  }

  @Override
  public void setClazz(@Nullable String clazz) {
    this.clazz = clazz;
  }

  @Nullable
  @Override
  public String getOrder() {
    return order;
  }

  @Override
  public void setOrder(@Nullable String order) {
    this.order = order;
  }

  @Nullable
  @Override
  public String getFamily() {
    return family;
  }

  @Override
  public void setFamily(@Nullable String family) {
    this.family = family;
  }

  @Nullable
  @Override
  public String getGenus() {
    return genus;
  }

  @Override
  public void setGenus(@Nullable String genus) {
    this.genus = genus;
  }

  @Nullable
  public String getGenericName() {
    return genericName;
  }

  public void setGenericName(String genericName) {
    this.genericName = genericName;
  }

  @Nullable
  @Override
  public String getSubgenus() {
    return subgenus;
  }

  @Override
  public void setSubgenus(@Nullable String subgenus) {
    this.subgenus = subgenus;
  }

  @Nullable
  @Override
  public String getHigherRank(Rank rank) {
    return ClassificationUtils.getHigherRank(this, rank);
  }

  /**
   * The corresponding scientific name of the speciesKey from the GBIF backbone.
   */
  @Nullable
  @Override
  public String getSpecies() {
    return species;
  }

  @Override
  public void setSpecies(@Nullable String species) {
    this.species = species;
  }

  @Nullable
  public Date getDateIdentified() {
    return dateIdentified == null ? null : new Date(dateIdentified.getTime());
  }

  public void setDateIdentified(@Nullable Date dateIdentified) {
    this.dateIdentified = dateIdentified == null ? null : new Date(dateIdentified.getTime());
  }

  /**
   * The decimalLongitude in decimal degrees always for the WGS84 datum. If a different geodetic datum was given the verbatim
   * coordinates are transformed into WGS84 values.
   */
  @Nullable
  public Double getDecimalLongitude() {
    return decimalLongitude;
  }

  public void setDecimalLongitude(@Nullable Double decimalLongitude) {
    this.decimalLongitude = decimalLongitude;
  }

  @Nullable
  public Double getDecimalLatitude() {
    return decimalLatitude;
  }

  public void setDecimalLatitude(@Nullable Double decimalLatitude) {
    this.decimalLatitude = decimalLatitude;
  }

  /**
   * The uncertainty radius for lat/lon in meters.
   */
  @Nullable
  public Double getCoordinateUncertaintyInMeters() {
    return coordinateUncertaintyInMeters;
  }

  public void setCoordinateUncertaintyInMeters(@Nullable Double coordinateUncertaintyInMeters) {
    this.coordinateUncertaintyInMeters = coordinateUncertaintyInMeters;
  }

  @Nullable
  public Double getCoordinatePrecision() {
    return coordinatePrecision;
  }

  public void setCoordinatePrecision(Double coordinatePrecision) {
    this.coordinatePrecision = coordinatePrecision;
  }

  /**
   * @deprecated to be removed in the public v2 of the API (see POR-3061)
   * The uncertainty for latitude in decimal degrees.
   * Note that the longitude degrees have a different accuracy in degrees which changes with latitude and is largest at the poles.
   */
  @Nullable
  @Deprecated
  public Double getCoordinateAccuracy() {
    return coordinateAccuracy;
  }

  public void setCoordinateAccuracy(@Nullable Double coordinateAccuracy) {
    this.coordinateAccuracy = coordinateAccuracy;
  }

  /**
   * The geodetic datum for the interpreted decimal coordinates.
   * This is always WGS84 if a coordinate exists as we reproject other datums into WGS84.
   */
  @Schema(
    description = "The geodetic datum for the interpreted decimal coordinates.\n\n" +
      "Coordinates are reprojected to WGS84 if they exist, so this field is either null or `WGS84`."
  )
  @Nullable
  public String getGeodeticDatum() {
    if (decimalLatitude != null) {
      return GEO_DATUM;
    }
    return null;
  }

  /**
   * This private method is needed for jackson deserialization only.
   */
  private void setGeodeticDatum(String datum) {
    // ignore, we have a static WGS84 value
  }

  /**
   * Elevation in meters usually above sea level (altitude).
   * </br>
   * The elevation is calculated using the equation: (minimumElevationInMeters + maximumElevationInMeters) / 2.
   */
  @Nullable
  public Double getElevation() {
    return elevation;
  }

  public void setElevation(@Nullable Double elevation) {
    this.elevation = elevation;
  }

  /**
   * Elevation accuracy is the uncertainty for the elevation in meters.
   * </br>
   * The elevation accuracy is calculated using the equation: (maximumElevationInMeters - minimumElevationInMeters) / 2
   */
  @Nullable
  public Double getElevationAccuracy() {
    return elevationAccuracy;
  }

  public void setElevationAccuracy(@Nullable Double elevationAccuracy) {
    this.elevationAccuracy = elevationAccuracy;
  }

  /**
   * Depth in meters below the surface. Complimentary to elevation, the depth can be 10 meters below the surface of a
   * lake in 1100m (=elevation).
   * </br>
   * The depth is calculated using the equation: (minimumDepthInMeters + maximumDepthInMeters) / 2.
   */
  @Nullable
  public Double getDepth() {
    return depth;
  }

  public void setDepth(@Nullable Double depth) {
    this.depth = depth;
  }

  /**
   * Depth accuracy is the uncertainty for the depth in meters.
   * </br>
   * The depth accuracy is calculated using the equation: (maximumDepthInMeters - minimumDepthInMeters) / 2
   */
  @Nullable
  public Double getDepthAccuracy() {
    return depthAccuracy;
  }

  public void setDepthAccuracy(@Nullable Double depthAccuracy) {
    this.depthAccuracy = depthAccuracy;
  }

  @Nullable
  public Continent getContinent() {
    return continent;
  }

  public void setContinent(@Nullable Continent continent) {
    this.continent = continent;
  }

  @Schema(
    description = "The 2-letter country code (as per ISO-3166-1) of the country, territory or area in which the " +
      "occurrence was recorded.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/countryCode"
    )
  )
  @Nullable
  @JsonProperty("countryCode")
  public Country getCountry() {
    return country;
  }

  public void setCountry(@Nullable Country country) {
    this.country = country;
  }

  @Nullable
  @JsonProperty("gbifRegion")
  public GbifRegion getGbifRegion() {
    return Optional.ofNullable(country).map(Country::getGbifRegion).orElse(null);
  }

  private void setGbifRegion(String gbifRegion) {
    // ignore, setter only to avoid JSON being written into the fields map
  }

  /**
   * Renders the country title as a JSON property country in addition to the ISO 3166 2 letter countryCode being
   * serialized by the regular country Java property.
   * Made private to use it only for JSON serialization and not within Java code.
   */
  @Schema(
    description = "The title (as per ISO-3166-1) of the country, territory or area in which the " +
      "occurrence was recorded.",
    externalDocs = @ExternalDocumentation(
      description = "Darwin Core definition",
      url = "https://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/country"
    )
  )
  @Nullable
  @JsonProperty("country")
  private String getCountryTitle() {
    return country == null ? null : country.getTitle();
  }

  private void setCountryTitle(String country) {
    // ignore, setter only to avoid JSON being written into the fields map
  }

  @Nullable
  public String getStateProvince() {
    return stateProvince;
  }

  public void setStateProvince(@Nullable String stateProvince) {
    this.stateProvince = stateProvince;
  }

  @Nullable
  public String getWaterBody() {
    return waterBody;
  }

  public void setWaterBody(@Nullable String waterBody) {
    this.waterBody = waterBody;
  }

  /**
   * The distance in metres from a known centroid, e.g. a country centroid.
   */
  public Double getDistanceFromCentroidInMeters() {
    return distanceFromCentroidInMeters;
  }

  public void setDistanceFromCentroidInMeters(Double distanceFromCentroidInMeters) {
    this.distanceFromCentroidInMeters = distanceFromCentroidInMeters;
  }

  @Nullable
  public String getHigherGeography() {
    return higherGeography;
  }

  public void setHigherGeography(String higherGeography) {
    this.higherGeography = higherGeography;
  }

  @Nullable
  public String getGeoreferencedBy() {
    return georeferencedBy;
  }

  public void setGeoreferencedBy(String georeferencedBy) {
    this.georeferencedBy = georeferencedBy;
  }

  /**
   * The full year of the event date.
   *
   * @return the year of the event date
   */
  @Min(1500)
  @Max(2030)
  @Nullable
  public Integer getYear() {
    return year;
  }

  public void setYear(@Nullable Integer year) {
    this.year = year;
  }

  /**
   * The month of the year of the event date starting with zero for january following {@link Date}.
   *
   * @return the month of the event date
   */
  @Min(1)
  @Max(12)
  @Nullable
  public Integer getMonth() {
    return month;
  }

  public void setMonth(@Nullable Integer month) {
    this.month = month;
  }

  /**
   * The day of the month of the event date.
   *
   * @return the day of the event date
   */
  @Min(1)
  @Max(31)
  @Nullable
  public Integer getDay() {
    return day;
  }

  public void setDay(@Nullable Integer day) {
    this.day = day;
  }

  /**
   * The date the occurrence was recorded or collected.
   */
  @Nullable
  public IsoDateInterval getEventDate() {
    return eventDate == null ? null : new IsoDateInterval(eventDate.getFrom(), eventDate.getTo());
  }

  public void setEventDate(@Nullable IsoDateInterval eventDate) {
    this.eventDate = eventDate == null ? null : new IsoDateInterval(eventDate.getFrom(), eventDate.getTo());
  }

  /**
   * The earliest integer day of the year of the event.
   *
   * @return the earliest integer day of the event date
   */
  @Min(1)
  @Max(366)
  @Nullable
  public Integer getStartDayOfYear() {
    return startDayOfYear;
  }

  public void setStartDayOfYear(@Nullable Integer startDayOfYear) {
    this.startDayOfYear = startDayOfYear;
  }

  /**
   * The latest integer day of the year of the event.
   *
   * @return the latest integer day of the event date
   */
  @Min(1)
  @Max(366)
  @Nullable
  public Integer getEndDayOfYear() {
    return endDayOfYear;
  }

  public void setEndDayOfYear(@Nullable Integer endDayOfYear) {
    this.endDayOfYear = endDayOfYear;
  }

  @Nullable
  public String getTypeStatus() {
    return typeStatus;
  }

  public void setTypeStatus(@Nullable String typeStatus) {
    this.typeStatus = typeStatus;
  }

  /**
   * The scientific name the type status of this specimen applies to.
   */
  @Nullable
  public String getTypifiedName() {
    return typifiedName;
  }

  public void setTypifiedName(@Nullable String typifiedName) {
    this.typifiedName = typifiedName;
  }

  /**
   * A set of issues found for this occurrence.
   */
  @NotNull
  public Set<OccurrenceIssue> getIssues() {
    return issues;
  }

  public void setIssues(Set<OccurrenceIssue> issues) {
    Objects.requireNonNull(issues, "Issues cannot be null");
    EnumSet<OccurrenceIssue> set = EnumSet.noneOf(OccurrenceIssue.class);
    set.addAll(issues);
    this.issues = set;
  }

  public void addIssue(OccurrenceIssue issue) {
    Objects.requireNonNull(issue, "Issue needs to be specified");
    issues.add(issue);
  }

  /**
   * The interpreted dc:modified from the verbatim source data.
   * Ideally indicating when a record was last modified in the source.
   */
  @Nullable
  public Date getModified() {
    return modified == null ? null : new Date(modified.getTime());
  }

  public void setModified(@Nullable Date modified) {
    this.modified = modified == null ? null : new Date(modified.getTime());
  }

  /**
   * The date this occurrence last went through the interpretation phase of the GBIF indexing.
   */
  @Nullable
  public Date getLastInterpreted() {
    return lastInterpreted == null ? null : new Date(lastInterpreted.getTime());
  }

  public void setLastInterpreted(@Nullable Date lastInterpreted) {
    this.lastInterpreted = lastInterpreted == null ? null : new Date(lastInterpreted.getTime());
  }

  /**
   * An external link to more details, the records "homepage".
   */
  @Nullable
  public URI getReferences() {
    return references;
  }

  public void setReferences(URI references) {
    this.references = references;
  }

  /**
   * A number or enumeration value for the quantity of organisms.
   */
  @Nullable
  public Double getOrganismQuantity() {
    return organismQuantity;
  }

  public void setOrganismQuantity(@Nullable Double organismQuantity) {
    this.organismQuantity = organismQuantity;
  }

  /**
   * The type of quantification system used for the quantity of organisms.
   */
  @Nullable
  public String getOrganismQuantityType() {
    return organismQuantityType;
  }

  public void setOrganismQuantityType(@Nullable String organismQuantityType) {
    this.organismQuantityType = organismQuantityType;
  }

  /**
   * The unit of measurement of the size (time duration, length, area, or volume) of a sample in a sampling event.
   */
  @Nullable
  public String getSampleSizeUnit() {
    return sampleSizeUnit;
  }

  public void setSampleSizeUnit(@Nullable String sampleSizeUnit) {
    this.sampleSizeUnit = sampleSizeUnit;
  }

  /**
   * A numeric value for a measurement of the size (time duration, length, area, or volume) of a sample in a sampling event.
   */
  @Nullable
  public Double getSampleSizeValue() {
    return sampleSizeValue;
  }

  public void setSampleSizeValue(@Nullable Double sampleSizeValue) {
    this.sampleSizeValue = sampleSizeValue;
  }

  /**
   * Calculated filed organismQuantity / sampleSizeValue, if the type is identical
   */
  @Nullable
  public Double getRelativeOrganismQuantity() {
    return relativeOrganismQuantity;
  }

  public void setRelativeOrganismQuantity(@Nullable Double relativeOrganismQuantity) {
    this.relativeOrganismQuantity = relativeOrganismQuantity;
  }

  /**
   * Flag occurrence when associatedSequences/extension exists
   */
  public boolean getIsSequenced() {
    return isSequenced;
  }

  public void setIsSequenced(boolean isSequenced) {
    this.isSequenced = isSequenced;
  }

  /**
   * A list (concatenated and separated) of identifiers (publication, global unique identifier, URI) of genetic
   * sequence information associated with the material entity.
   */
  @Nullable
  public String getAssociatedSequences() {
    return associatedSequences;
  }

  public void setAssociatedSequences(String associatedSequences) {
    this.associatedSequences = associatedSequences;
  }

  /**
   * Applied license to the occurrence record or dataset to which this record belongs to.
   */
  @NotNull
  public License getLicense() {
    return license;
  }

  public void setLicense(License license) {
    this.license = license;
  }

  @NotNull
  public List<Identifier> getIdentifiers() {
    return identifiers;
  }

  public void setIdentifiers(List<Identifier> identifiers) {
    this.identifiers = identifiers;
  }

  @NotNull
  public List<MediaObject> getMedia() {
    return media;
  }

  public void setMedia(List<MediaObject> media) {
    this.media = media;
  }

  @NotNull
  public List<MeasurementOrFact> getFacts() {
    return facts;
  }

  public void setFacts(List<MeasurementOrFact> facts) {
    this.facts = facts;
  }

  @NotNull
  public List<OccurrenceRelation> getRelations() {
    return relations;
  }

  public void setRelations(List<OccurrenceRelation> relations) {
    this.relations = relations;
  }

  @NotNull
  public List<AgentIdentifier> getRecordedByIds() {
    return recordedByIds;
  }

  public void setRecordedByIds(List<AgentIdentifier> recordedByIds) {
    this.recordedByIds = recordedByIds;
  }

  @NotNull
  public List<AgentIdentifier> getIdentifiedByIds() {
    return identifiedByIds;
  }

  public void setIdentifiedByIds(List<AgentIdentifier> identifiedByIds) {
    this.identifiedByIds = identifiedByIds;
  }

  @NotNull
  public Gadm getGadm() {
    return gadm;
  }

  public void setGadm(Gadm gadm) {
    this.gadm = gadm;
  }

  @Nullable
  @Experimental
  public String getInstitutionKey() {
    return institutionKey;
  }

  public void setInstitutionKey(String institutionKey) {
    this.institutionKey = institutionKey;
  }

  @Nullable
  @Experimental
  public String getCollectionKey() {
    return collectionKey;
  }

  public void setCollectionKey(String collectionKey) {
    this.collectionKey = collectionKey;
  }

  public boolean getIsInCluster() {
    return isInCluster;
  }

  public void setIsInCluster(boolean isInCluster) {
    this.isInCluster = isInCluster;
  }

  @Nullable
  public String getDegreeOfEstablishment() {
    return degreeOfEstablishment;
  }

  public void setDegreeOfEstablishment(String degreeOfEstablishment) {
    this.degreeOfEstablishment = degreeOfEstablishment;
  }

  @Nullable
  public String getPathway() {
    return pathway;
  }

  public void setPathway(String pathway) {
    this.pathway = pathway;
  }

  public String getDatasetID() {
    return datasetID;
  }

  public void setDatasetID(String datasetID) {
    this.datasetID = datasetID;
  }

  public String getDatasetName() {
    return datasetName;
  }

  public void setDatasetName(String datasetName) {
    this.datasetName = datasetName;
  }

  public String getOtherCatalogNumbers() {
    return otherCatalogNumbers;
  }

  public void setOtherCatalogNumbers(String otherCatalogNumbers) {
    this.otherCatalogNumbers = otherCatalogNumbers;
  }

  @Nullable
  public String getEarliestEonOrLowestEonothem() {
    return earliestEonOrLowestEonothem;
  }

  public void setEarliestEonOrLowestEonothem(String earliestEonOrLowestEonothem) {
    this.earliestEonOrLowestEonothem = earliestEonOrLowestEonothem;
  }

  @Nullable
  public String getLatestEonOrHighestEonothem() {
    return latestEonOrHighestEonothem;
  }

  public void setLatestEonOrHighestEonothem(String latestEonOrHighestEonothem) {
    this.latestEonOrHighestEonothem = latestEonOrHighestEonothem;
  }

  @Nullable
  public String getEarliestEraOrLowestErathem() {
    return earliestEraOrLowestErathem;
  }

  public void setEarliestEraOrLowestErathem(String earliestEraOrLowestErathem) {
    this.earliestEraOrLowestErathem = earliestEraOrLowestErathem;
  }

  @Nullable
  public String getLatestEraOrHighestErathem() {
    return latestEraOrHighestErathem;
  }

  public void setLatestEraOrHighestErathem(String latestEraOrHighestErathem) {
    this.latestEraOrHighestErathem = latestEraOrHighestErathem;
  }

  @Nullable
  public String getEarliestPeriodOrLowestSystem() {
    return earliestPeriodOrLowestSystem;
  }

  public void setEarliestPeriodOrLowestSystem(String earliestPeriodOrLowestSystem) {
    this.earliestPeriodOrLowestSystem = earliestPeriodOrLowestSystem;
  }

  @Nullable
  public String getLatestPeriodOrHighestSystem() {
    return latestPeriodOrHighestSystem;
  }

  public void setLatestPeriodOrHighestSystem(String latestPeriodOrHighestSystem) {
    this.latestPeriodOrHighestSystem = latestPeriodOrHighestSystem;
  }

  @Nullable
  public String getEarliestEpochOrLowestSeries() {
    return earliestEpochOrLowestSeries;
  }

  public void setEarliestEpochOrLowestSeries(String earliestEpochOrLowestSeries) {
    this.earliestEpochOrLowestSeries = earliestEpochOrLowestSeries;
  }

  @Nullable
  public String getLatestEpochOrHighestSeries() {
    return latestEpochOrHighestSeries;
  }

  public void setLatestEpochOrHighestSeries(String latestEpochOrHighestSeries) {
    this.latestEpochOrHighestSeries = latestEpochOrHighestSeries;
  }

  @Nullable
  public String getEarliestAgeOrLowestStage() {
    return earliestAgeOrLowestStage;
  }

  public void setEarliestAgeOrLowestStage(String earliestAgeOrLowestStage) {
    this.earliestAgeOrLowestStage = earliestAgeOrLowestStage;
  }

  @Nullable
  public String getLatestAgeOrHighestStage() {
    return latestAgeOrHighestStage;
  }

  public void setLatestAgeOrHighestStage(String latestAgeOrHighestStage) {
    this.latestAgeOrHighestStage = latestAgeOrHighestStage;
  }

  @Nullable
  public String getLowestBiostratigraphicZone() {
    return lowestBiostratigraphicZone;
  }

  public void setLowestBiostratigraphicZone(String lowestBiostratigraphicZone) {
    this.lowestBiostratigraphicZone = lowestBiostratigraphicZone;
  }

  @Nullable
  public String getHighestBiostratigraphicZone() {
    return highestBiostratigraphicZone;
  }

  public void setHighestBiostratigraphicZone(String highestBiostratigraphicZone) {
    this.highestBiostratigraphicZone = highestBiostratigraphicZone;
  }

  @Nullable
  public String getGroup() {
    return group;
  }

  public void setGroup(String group) {
    this.group = group;
  }

  @Nullable
  public String getFormation() {
    return formation;
  }

  public void setFormation(String formation) {
    this.formation = formation;
  }

  @Nullable
  public String getMember() {
    return member;
  }

  public void setMember(String member) {
    this.member = member;
  }

  @Nullable
  public String getBed() {
    return bed;
  }

  public void setBed(String bed) {
    this.bed = bed;
  }

  public String getRecordedBy() {
    return recordedBy;
  }

  public void setRecordedBy(String recordedBy) {
    this.recordedBy = recordedBy;
  }

  public String getIdentifiedBy() {
    return identifiedBy;
  }

  public void setIdentifiedBy(String identifiedBy) {
    this.identifiedBy = identifiedBy;
  }

  public String getPreparations() {
    return preparations;
  }

  public void setPreparations(String preparations) {
    this.preparations = preparations;
  }

  public String getSamplingProtocol() {
    return samplingProtocol;
  }

  public void setSamplingProtocol(String samplingProtocol) {
    this.samplingProtocol = samplingProtocol;
  }

  @Deprecated
  public List<String> getDnaSequenceID() {
    return dnaSequenceID;
  }

  @Deprecated
  public void setDnaSequenceID(List<String> dnaSequenceID) {
    this.dnaSequenceID = dnaSequenceID;
  }

  public Map<String, Classification> getClassifications() {
    return classifications;
  }

  public void setClassifications(Map<String, Classification> classifications) {
    this.classifications = classifications;
  }

  /**
   * Convenience method checking if any spatial validation rule has not passed.
   * Primarily used to indicate that the record should not be displayed on a map.
   */
  @JsonIgnore
  public boolean hasSpatialIssue() {
    for (OccurrenceIssue rule : OccurrenceIssue.GEOSPATIAL_RULES) {
      if (issues.contains(rule)) {
        return true;
      }
    }
    return false;
  }

  /**
   * This private method is only for serialization via jackson and not exposed anywhere else!
   * It maps the verbatimField terms into properties with their simple name or qualified names for UnknownTerms.
   */
  @JsonAnyGetter
  private Map<String, String> jsonVerbatimFields() {
    Map<String, String> extendedProps = new HashMap<>();
    for (Map.Entry<Term, String> prop : getVerbatimFields().entrySet()) {
      Term t = prop.getKey();
      if (t instanceof UnknownTerm || PROPERTIES.contains(t.simpleName())) {
        extendedProps.put(t.qualifiedName(), prop.getValue());
      } else {
        // render all terms in controlled enumerations as simple names only - unless we have a property of that name already!
        extendedProps.put(t.simpleName(), prop.getValue());
      }
    }
    return extendedProps;
  }
}